Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care by Perretta – Test Bank

Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care by Perretta Test Bank

Chapter 4 Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Multiple Choice

1. What week of gestation (wG) and birth weight combination is considered too premature and extremely unlikely for survival?

A. Less than 24 wG; less than 600 g birth weight

B. Less than 23 wG; less than 600 g birth weight

C. Less than 23 wG; less than 500 g birth weight

D. Less than 24 wG; less than 500 g birth weight

ANS: C

2. Which of the following statements about respiratory distress syndrome are true?

A. Higher incidences occur in males than in females.

B. Higher incidences occur in black fetuses than in white fetuses.

C. Males and females are affected equally.

D. Higher incidences occur in later gestational periods and at lower birth weights.

ANS: A

3. In the 1950s, hyaline membrane disease was initially identified by which of the following groups of characteristics?

A. Lung tissue has the consistency of the liver, alveolar capillaries engorged, and the majority of the parenchyma collapsed

B. Pink lungs instead of dull red, underdeveloped alveolar ducts, and respiratory bronchioles

C. No evidence of aeration, noncongested, and edematous

ANS: A

4. Which statement below best describes surfactants?

A. Chemical compound that functions to stabilize the liquid interface within the alveoli and to increase surface tension

B. Is made up of mostly glycoproteins

C. Helps reduce surface tension within lungs on exhalation

D! None of the above

ANS: C

5. At what period of gestation does mature surfactant begin to appear?

A. 24–28 weeks

B. 28–31 weeks

C. 31–34 weeks

D. 34–40 weeks

ANS: D

6. Dead space ventilation in infants with respiratory distress syndrome is frequently caused by which of the following?

A. Increased cardiac output

B. Excess of vascularization

C. Alveolar hyperinflation

D. Decrease in the alveolar-capillary membrane as a result of extreme prematurity

ANS: C