Natural Hazards And Disasters 4th Edition by Donald Hyndman – Test Bank

Natural Hazards And Disasters 4th Edition by Donald Hyndman – Test Bank

Chapter 3

EARTHQUAKES AND THEIR CAUSES

MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS

1. What is the approximate highest frequency of vibration (of back-and-forth shaking) in earthquakes?

1. 2-3 cycles per minute
2. 2-3 cycles per second
3. 20-30 cycles per second
4. 2,000-3,000 cycles per second
5. 20,000-30,000 cycles per second

ANSWER: c

1. Which type of earthquake waves shake with the largest amplitudes (largest range of motion)?

1. compressional waves
2. shear waves
3. surface waves
4. P waves
5. S waves

ANSWER: c

1. How is the distance to the source of an earthquake determined?

1. by calling many seismograph operators to see who felt it most strongly
2. by subtracting the travel times of P and S waves
3. by measuring the frequency of the P waves as they arrive at a seismograph
4. by measuring the height of the S waves recorded on a seismograph
5. by adding the travel times of the L waves and the Raleigh waves

ANSWER: b

1. What does the Richter Magnitude Scale depend on?

1. the maximum amplitude of earthquake waves on a seismograph
2. the frequency of P waves recorded on a seismograph
3. the intensity of shaking during the earthquake
4. the amount of destruction by the earthquake
5. the distance to the earthquake focus

ANSWER: a

5.A magnitude 7 earthquake has how much higher ground motion than a magnitude 6 earthquake on a seismogram?

1. twice as high
2. 10 times higher
3. 32 times higher
4. about 100 times higher
5. about 1,000 times higher

ANSWER: b

1. Which type or types of earthquake waves move only near the surface of the Earth?

1. all earthquake waves
2. P waves
3. surface waves
4. S waves
5. waves from faults that break near-surface rocks

ANSWER: c