Test Bank for Robbins Basic Pathology 10th Edition Kymar Abbas
Chapter 1. The Cell as a Unit of Health and Disease
1 The nucleus , which is essential for function and
survival of the cell.
A) is the site of protein synthesis
B) contains the genetic code
C) transforms cellular energy
D) initiates aerobic metabolism
2 Although energy is not made in mitochondria, they are known
as the power plants of the cell because they:
A) contain RNA for protein synthesis.
B) utilize glycolysis for oxidative energy.
C) extract energy from organic compounds.
D) store calcium bonds for muscle contractions.
3 Although the basic structure of the cell plasma membrane is
formed by a lipid bilayer, most of the specific membrane
functions are carried out by:
A) bound and transmembrane proteins.
B) complex, long carbohydrate chains.
C) surface antigens and hormone receptors.
D) a gating system of selective ion channels.
4 To effectively relay signals, cell-to-cell communication
utilizes chemical messenger systems that:
A) displace surface receptor proteins.
B) accumulate within cell gap junctions.
C) bind to contractile microfilaments.
D) release secretions into extracellular fluid.
5 Aerobic metabolism, also known as oxidative metabolism,
provides energy by:
A) removing the phosphate bonds from ATP.
B) combining hydrogen and oxygen to form
water.
C) activating pyruvate stored in the cytoplasm.
D) breaking down glucose to form lactic acid.
6 Exocytosis, the reverse of endocytosis, is important in
into the extracellular fluid.
A) Engulfing and ingesting fluid and proteins for
transport
B) Killing, degrading, and dissolving harmful
microorganisms
C) Removing cellular debris and releasing
synthesized substances
D) Destruction of particles by lysosomal enzymes
for secretion
7 The process responsible for generating and conducting
membrane potentials is:
A) diffusion of current-carrying ions.
B) millivoltage of electrical potential.
C) polarization of charged particles.
D) ion channel neurotransmission.
8 Epithelial tissues are classified according to the shape of the
cells and the number of layers. Which of the following is a
correctly matched description and type of epithelial tissue?
A) Simple epithelium: cells in contact with
intercellular matrix; some do not extend to
surface
B) Stratified epithelium: single layer of cells; all
cells rest on basement membrane
C) Glandular epithelium: arise from surface
epithelia and underlying connective tissue
D) Pseudostratified epithelium: multiple layers of
cells; deepest layer rests on basement
membrane
9 Connective tissue contains fibroblasts that are responsible for:
A) providing a fibrous framework for capillaries.
B) synthesis of collagen, elastin, and reticular
fibers.
C) forming tendons and the fascia that covers
muscles.
D) filling spaces between tissues to keep organs in
place.
10 Although all muscle tissue cells have some similarities,
smooth muscle (also known as involuntary muscle) differs
by:
A) having dense bodies attached to actin
filaments.
B) containing sarcomeres between Z lines and M
bands.
C) having rapid contractions and abundant crossstriations.
D) contracting in response to increased
intracellular calcium.
11 Which of the following aspects of the function of the nucleus
is performed by ribosomal RNA (rRNA)?
A) Copying and carrying DNA instructions for
protein synthesis
B) Carrying amino acids to the site of protein
synthesis
C) Providing the site where protein synthesis
occurs
D) Regulating and controlling protein synthesis
12 Breakdown and removal of foreign substances and worn-out
cell parts are performed by which of the following
organelles?
A) Lysosomes
B) Golgi apparatus
C) Ribosomes
D) Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
13 Impairment in the function of peroxisomes would result in:
A) inadequate sites for protein synthesis.
B) an inability to transport cellular products
across the cell membrane.
C) insufficient energy production within a cell.
D) accumulation of free radicals in the cytoplasm.
14 After several months of trying to conceive, a couple is
undergoing fertility testing. Semen analysis indicates that the
mans sperm have decreased motility, a finding that is thought
to underlie the couples inability to become pregnant. Which
of the following cellular components may be defective within
the mans sperm?
A) Ribosomes
B) Microtubules
C) Mitochondria
D) Microfilaments
15 Which of the following statements is true of glycolysis?
A) Glycolysis requires oxygen.
B) Glycolysis occurs in cells without
mitochondria.
C) Glycolysis provides the majority of the bodys
energy needs.
D) Glycolysis produces energy, water, and carbon
dioxide.
16 Which of the following membrane transport mechanisms
requires the greatest amount of energy?
A) Facilitated diffusion
B) Passive transport
C) Vesicular transport
D) Simple diffusion
